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Academic ranks in Portugal and Brazil are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. ==Overview== In Portugal, France, Italy, Romania and Latin America (Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking), the term professor and teacher translate the same ("''professor''" / "''professeur''" / "''professore''" / "''profesor''") thus it is used for anyone teaching at a school, institute, technical school, vocational school, college or university, regardless of the level of the subject matter taught or the level or ages of students. This includes instructors at the grade/elementary school, middle school and high school levels. However, a professor who teaches at a university is specifically called "''professor universitário''" ("''university professor''"), but it is common to call university professors just "''professor''". As subtypes of professors the following are distinguished: * Professor Catedrático (''Portugal'') / Professor Titular (''Brazil''): Full Professor. It is the highest faculty position. * Professor Associado, Adjunto, Auxiliar: Various intermediary professorship levels, depending on country and if it's a state or federal university; see academic ranks for details. * Professor Substituto: It is a short-term contract for replacement of Professors on maternity leave, sabbatical years or other temporary situations. * Professor Visitante: The same as Visiting Professor. Usually conducts research as an obligation from his/her contract and so needs a PhD. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Academic ranks (Portugal and Brazil)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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